Mostly used by carpenters and around the docks in the shipping industry. They were also used to erase an existing mark or writing on wood in this case they were also referred to as "Rase" or "Raze" knives.
They made these in the fixed blade variety but these folding versions were easy to carry in the pocket and did the job just as well. Check out how the liner was cut away to allow the cutting end to fit nicely into the frame. They also made these with multiple blades. different size heads and a knife blade as the secondary. Some will also be found with all brass handles, these were for use around water.
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